Biological portfolio 1- Activity 4
4. Look up the meaning of these words from the text and translate them into catalan.
b) bones: The skeleton is formed by bones. It is composed by calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. It is also a storage area for calcium, playing a large role in calcium balance in the blood. -Translate to Catalan: Ossos (Os). c) neurons: A neuron is an electrically excitable cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.Neurons are very important components of the nervous system. -Translate to Catalan: Neurones (Neurona)
d) muscle tone: is the continuous and passive partial contraction of the muscles, or the muscle’s resistance to passive stretch during resting state.It helps to maintain our constant posture, and it declines during REM sleep (Rapid Eye Movement Sleep). -Translate to Catalan: To Muscular. e) fluid retention (also known as water retention): is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the circulatory system or within the tissues or cavities of the body. -Translate to Catalan: Retenció de líquids.
f) high blood pressure: “Blood pressure” is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood. If this pressure rises and stays high over time (high blood pressure), it can damage the body in many ways (coronary heart disease, heart failure). -Translate to Catalan: Alta pressió sanguínea (hipertensió). g) taste buds: contain the receptors for taste. They are located around the small structures on the upper surface of the tongue, soft palate, upper esophagus and epiglottis, which are called papillae.These structures are involved in detecting the five (already known) elements of taste perception: salty, sour, bitter, sweet, and umami. -Translate to Catalan: Papil·les gustatives. h) enzymes: “Enzyme” is a protein formed by the body that acts as a catalyst to cause a certain desried reaction. Enzymes are very specific. Each enzyme is designed to initiate a specific response with a specific result. -Translate to Catalan: Enzims. i) bloodstream: is the blood flowing through a circulatory system of an animal, carrying substances from one tissue to another. -Translate to Catalan: Sang, corrent sanguini. j) lymph: Is a clear, watery, sometimes faintly yellowish fluid derived from body tissues that contains white blood cells and circulates throughout the lymphatic system, returning to the venous bloodstream through the thoracic duct. It acts to remove bacteria and certain proteins from the tissues, transport fat from the small intestine, and supply mature lymphocytes to the blood. -Translate to Catalan: Limfa. k) catalyse: It means to speed up a process, especially a chemical or biochemical reaction. It also can mean: to cause catalysis or to transform or bring significant change. -Translate to Catalan: Catalitzar. I) synovial fluid: is a fluid-like material with a thick consistency that is present in many of the joints of the body. It serves the purpose of lubricating and nourishing certain parts of the joint. The joints in which synovial fluid is present are known as synovial joints, and these include the elbow, knee, shoulder, and hip joints, among others. -Translate to Catalan: Líquid sinovial. n) bile: is a bitter-tasting, dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver of most vertebrates, that aids the process of digestion of lipids in the small intestine. In many species, bile is stored in the gallbladder and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum.Bile is composed by water, bile salts, mucus, fats, inorganic salts and cholesterol. -Translate to Catalan: Bilis o) gastric juice, or gastric acid: is a fluid secreted by various glands in the stomach lining into the lumen of the stomach, primarily for the partial digestion of food as well as the eradication of many pathogenic microbes that have concurrently entered by way of the oral cavity -Translate to Catalan: Àcid Gàstric p) mucus: (in vertebrates) is a slippery secretion produced by, and covering, mucous membranes. Mucous fluid is typically produced from mucous cells found in mucous glands. Mucous cells secrete products that are rich in glycoproteins and water. Mucous fluid may also originate from mixed glands, which contain both serous and mucous cells. -Translate to Catalan: Moc
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